We report a case of bilateral retinal hemorrhages with macular edema in a patient with dengue fever (DF). This patient also had cerebral hemorrhage. A 17-year-old female presented with sudden painless loss of vision in her both eyes for 2 days associated with redness of eyes. She was diagnosed having DF based on detected dengue immunoglobulin M in her blood sample. Fundus examination of both eyes showed preretinal and intraretinal hemorrhages. Optical coherence tomography showed neurosensory detachment and macular edema. This case report warrants the importance of ocular screening in a patient having systemic complications of DF.

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The purpose of the study is to report a case of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) related to choroidal osteoma treated with intravitreal injections of bevacizumab. This was a case report in which antivascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections were used to treat choroidal osteoma-related CNV. A 27-year-old man with a history of blurred vision in his left eye for 15 days presented best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/60. Fundus examination, ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography revealed a nasal and superior juxtapapillary choroidal osteoma with a choroidal neovascular membrane, associated with serous retinal detachment affecting the macula. After three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab, the patient improved to a BCVA of 20/30 and partial resolution of subretinal fluid. Choroidal osteoma with CNV may present a good response to bevacizumab therapy.

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Drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) is a blinding condition that requires urgent management. Unfavorable conditions encountered at the intensive care unit (ICU) represent an increased risk of developing AACG. A 60-year-old female complained of photophobia, pain, and vision loss in her right eye while hospitalized in the ICU for COVID-19 management. Symptoms developed after the use of nebulized ipratropium bromide and salbutamol, prone positioning, and darkroom conditions. The patient was discharged 3 weeks after and diagnosed with AACG the next day. Despite management with hypotensive eye drops and cataract surgery, the patient developed bilateral glaucomatous damage and vision loss in her right eye.

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Aims: The aim of the study is to describe and evaluate the clinical features, multimodal imaging, differential diagnoses, treatment options, and visual outcomes in patients with diagnosis of uveal effusion syndrome (UES). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational case series of patients with diagnosis of UES. Variables analyzed included age, gender, medical history, initial and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical features, type of treatment, and follow-up. Results: We report three cases, consisting of 2 males and 1 female, aged 37, 58, and 72 years with the diagnosis of UES. One patient was treated with medical therapy (acetazolamide) and the other two were submited to surgical treatment including one case of two-thirds thickness sclerotomy and one case with subscleral sclerectomy. All cases had complete resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF). BCVA improved in two cases, while there was no improvement of BCVA in one case due to outer retina atrophy as a consequence of chronic SRF. Conclusions: The diagnosis of UES still remains a challenge for a clinician. It is essential to know the clinical features differential diagnosis and be familiarized with the different therapeutic approaches to establish accurate diagnosis and treatment.

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Purpose: To describe the characteristics of the donor and recipient, indications, surgical techniques, and survival results obtained from patients with corneal transplants performed at Fundación Oftalmológica Nacional (FUNDONAL) between 2010 and 2017. Methods: Descriptive, observational study. Medical records of patients who underwent corneal transplantation were reviewed. Demographic data, surgery indication, transplantation technique, graft transparency, and presence of rejection are evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Seven hundred and twelve eyes from 690 patients who underwent corneal transplantation were analyzed. The median age of the recipient was 42 years (interquartile range 21.8 years) and 392 participants (56.8%) were men. Corneal ectasias was the first indication for transplantation. The technique performed most often was penetrating keratoplasty (PK) (89.6%), followed by deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (5.3%), endothelial keratoplasty (3.5%), and sclerokeratoplasty (1.5%). 22.25% of the cases presented at least one rejection episode. Transparency of the graft is >80% up to 36 months from follow-up. Conclusions: In 712 eyes that underwent corneal transplantation between 2010 and 2017, the most frequent indications were corneal ectasias, pseudophakic/aphakic bullous keratopathy, and previous graft failure. Although the most common technique is PK, there is a tendency to perform more lamellar transplants over the years. Survival up to the last control was 78% with graft rejection at 22.23%, which are comparable with results reported in the scientific literature. This study constitutes the first corneal transplant registry in Colombia, with survival results and description of variables that will allow for the identification of risk factors for undesirable outcomes.

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Introduction: It is unusual to have uveal and cutaneous melanoma in the same patient. It is challenging to differentiate between primary uveal melanoma (UM) and melanoma metastatic to the uvea. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of patients who presented with concurrent melanomas (primary or metastatic) of the skin and uveal tract. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients with both uveal and cutaneous melanomas were obtained from the McGill University Ocular Pathology Laboratory database. The characteristics included cell type, number of mitotic figures, presence of necrosis, the time interval between primary and secondary melanoma and the presence of metastasis in other organs. Results: Five patients presented with both primary uveal and primary cutaneous melanoma, three patients with UM metastatic to the skin, and three patients with cutaneous melanoma metastatic to the uvea. In all of our cases, there was a time difference between the appearance of cutaneous and UM in the same patient. Conclusion: Patients with two primary melanomas presented with spindle-cell type (uveal tumor), a Breslow index <1 mm, >7 years between tumors. Systemic disease was negative. Patients with metastasis from cutaneous melanoma to the eye and from ocular to the skin showed epithelioid cell type, a Breslow index >1.5 mm, <5 years between tumors and positive systemic disease.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a novel method of capturing and viewing stereoscopic ophthalmological pictures using the inexpensive smartphone technology applied to a common slit lamp. To assess the best perceived method for viewing this images when reconstructed. Methods: We adapted two smartphones using a fixation device for each slit-lamp ocular. By obtaining simultaneous images of each ocular, we reconstructed them in different formats. Images from a trabeculectomy bullae, corneal transplant, and glaucomatous optic nerve (GON) were rated by five independent ophthalmologists in terms of perceived image quality from 1 to 5. Results: All of the images obtained were three dimensional and of very good quality (grading 4.04 ± 0.84) in a scale from 1 to 5. Parallel-eyed images were graded with a mean of 4.5 ± 0.5, and anaglyph images were graded 3.58 ± 0.86, which was statistically lower than for parallel-eyed format (P = 0.002). Mean image quality was lower for the optic nerve and higher for the penetrating keratoplasty (PK) image, but grades did not differ significantly for the three different pictures (bullae vs. PK P = 0.18; PK vs. GON P = 0.07; bullae vs. GON P = 0.59). Conclusions: It is possible to obtain the quality stereoscopic images by combining the smartphone technology and fixation devices.

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Background: Medical ministry international (MMI) is a Canadian charitable organization that coordinates healthcare missions to underserved people in developing countries. Objective: We report on the baseline clinical findings of a mission trip to Ciénaga de Oro, Colombia, present the methods used in the mission and the efforts to establish a local eye care service with long-term sustainability. Methods: Data were collected on patients seen during a 2-week mission trip from January 13 to 24, 2020. Data included eye health and the services given. Results: Altogether 5529 patients were seen by the team. Nearly 247 surgeries were performed by ophthalmologists. The most common diagnosis performed was a refractive error, for which 4066 patients (74%) received eyeglasses. Another 835 (15%) had a consultation by an ophthalmologist, of which 260 (5%) received surgery, mostly manual small incision cataract surgery and intraocular lens insertion. Conclusions and Importance: MMI is helping to reduce the prevalence of preventable blindness in the Ciénaga de Oro population; however, further training to increase the capacity of local ophthalmic services is required to improve long-term eye care to the community.

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