Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of intraocular pressure (IOP) control and complications of pars plana Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in refractory glaucoma patients. Design: This was a prospective interventional study. Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-center study, involving eyes with refractory glaucoma. Study variables were IOP, the number of glaucoma medications, and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and every 6 months till the last follow-up. Complete success was defined as absolute if IOP was between 6 and 21 mmHg in the absence of any glaucoma medication and qualified success if IOP was between 6 and 21 mmHg with medication at the last follow-up. Results: The study included 27 patients (29 eyes) with a mean age of 54.28 (standard deviation [SD]: 16.76; range: 11–73) years and a mean follow-up of 21.31 (SD: 20.38; range: 6–60) months. The mean IOP reduced from 38.14 (SD: 7.4; range: 25–50) mmHg preoperatively to 12.76 (SD: 3.92; range: 6–20) mmHg at the last follow-up (P <0.001). CDVA improved in 16 (55.2%) eyes, remained the same in 10 (34.5%) eyes, and worsened in 3 (10.3%) eyes. There was a mean reduction of antiglaucoma medications from 4.07 (SD: 0.26) preoperatively to 0.93 (SD: 1.31) postoperatively (P <0.001). The absolute success rate was 62%, reaching 100% in terms of qualified success. Postoperative complications included vitreous hemorrhage in 4 (13.8%) eyes, transient hypotony in 3 (10.3%) eyes, hyphema in 2 (6.9%) eyes, tube exposure in 2 (6.9%) eyes, and development of a small iris cyst in 1 (3.4%) eye. Conclusion: Pars plana implantation of AGV is a viable option in refractory glaucoma eyes where other surgical options are precluded, as it provides a good success rate with fewer postoperative complications. One must still keep a watch for tube exposure, vitreous incarceration in the tube, vitreous hemorrhage, and future retinal complications.

The idiopathic full-thickness macular hole is characterized by a total thickness anatomical defect in the foveal retina leading to a reduction of central vision. Although there are several reports about the natural course of the disease and its outcome, the spontaneous closure frequency varies widely in literature reviews. Treatment options include pars plana vitrectomy, pharmacological vitreolysis, and pneumatic vitreolysis. A 30-year-old male was referred to us with a complaint of decreased vision in his right eye and metamorphopsia for nearly 2 months without a history of trauma. The diagnosis was based on fundoscopic and optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT revealed a large full-thickness idiopathic macular hole (422 μm) without vitreomacular traction. The intravitreal gas injection was performed. Three months later, in follow-up by OCT, total closure of the macular hole was noted. The aim is to report a case of idiopathic total thickness macular hole closure with a single application of C3F8 gas.

The objective is to report a rare case about spontaneous expulsive choroidal hemorrhage in PUC Campinas Hospital. It is a retrospective case report. A 102-year-old patient with untreated glaucoma and recent corneal ulcer was admitted in the emergency room with completely spontaneous uveal and crystalline exposure and submitted to evisceration. This report discusses about this rare entity and the development in this particular patient in the city of Campinas, São Paulo state, Brazil.