Acanthamoeba keratitis is a sight-threatening corneal infection, which is rare, but may be increasing in frequency. The spectrum of disease ranges from mild, with an excellent prognosis, to severe and complicated with significantmorbidity. Its diagnosis is frequently delayed and the index of suspicion needs to be high, particularly in cases of atypical keratitis in contact lens wearers. Prolonged medical therapy with multiple anti-amoebal agents is usually required and penetrating keratoplasty is sometimes necessary for visual rehabilitatio.